Event Listing

Sessions

Beyond the Fraud Triangle: Exploring Behavioural Decision Science for Fraud Risk Management

Advances in artificial intelligence are reshaping the fraud landscape, making deception more convincing, personalised and scalable. While these developments create new challenges for organisations, fraud ultimately remains rooted in human decisions, behaviours and organisational conditions. As fraud risks evolve, understanding the behavioural factors that influence decision-making becomes increasingly important in complementing traditional fraud risk management approaches.

The Fraud Triangle has long provided a useful framework for understanding what conditions are typically present when fraud occurs. This session complements that perspective by exploring the behavioural drivers behind fraud, examining how individual and organisational factors can shape the decisions, behaviours and conditions that make fraud more likely.

Participants will gain practical insights into how they can apply behavioural decision science to pre-emptively identify fraud-conducive conditions, recognise potential fraud hotspots, and strengthen fraud risk management through more targeted interventions and responses.

Alywin Teh
Partner
PwC

Alywin Teh is a Partner at PwC who brings an applied behavioural science perspective to governance, risk management and controls. He helps organisations understand how individuals may rationalise misconduct, bypass controls, remain silent or act against organisational expectations under certain conditions. His work focuses on how factors such as leadership signals, incentives, social norms, fairness perceptions, decision-making biases and operating pressures can shape behaviours, and how these insights can be used to design more effective risk, control and assurance responses.

As part of his career, he has held a number of senior executive roles, including Asia Head of Internal Audit and Asia Pacific Chief Risk Officer for a UK insurer, as well as Acting Head of Internal Audit for a Singapore-listed company. He is currently a board member of the Singapore Business Advisors & Consultants Council Limited. In recent years, Alywin has been actively engaged in culture, conduct and behavioural risk, advising clients on the design and implementation of culture and conduct frameworks, diagnostic tools, behavioural root cause analysis approaches, and methodologies for auditing culture and conduct. He has also assisted an industry Conduct & Culture Steering Group in developing industry practice notes to foure good culture practices.

Alywin has also completed the Executive Certificate in Applied Behavioural Science from SMU Academy, covering behavioural decision science, cognitive biases, and behaviourally informed strategies. This complements his practical experience in helping organisations identify behavioural and contextual conditions that may influence conduct and fraud risk, and design more targeted interventions to strengthen governance, controls and risk management outcomes.

Beyond the Fraud Incident: From Red Flags to Investigation, Response and Remediation

Fraud risk is constantly evolving, driven by increasingly complex operations, third-party relationships and advances in technology. Effective fraud risk management requires more than reacting to incidents — organisations must be prepared to identify red flags, assess allegations, investigate effectively and turn incidents into stronger controls.

Drawing on practical experience in fraud investigations and risk management across Asia Pacific, Mark Lim will explore the fraud lifecycle from whistleblowing and detection through investigation, response and remediation. The session will examine how the first line, second line and Internal Audit can work together while maintaining clear accountability, and how investigations can uncover broader control and process weaknesses.

The presentation will also explore how AI is enabling new forms of fraud while creating new opportunities for detection and investigative support.

Mark Lim
Fraud Risk Officer Asia Pacific
A.P. Moller – Maersk

Mark Lim is a fraud and investigations professional with 18 years of experience across fraud risk management, investigations, risk, compliance and internal audit. He currently works with A.P. Moller – Maersk, where he conducts fraud investigations and supports fraud risk management and awareness initiatives across Asia Pacific. His previous regional roles with Singapore, UK and US-listed organisations have provided experience across corporate investigations, risk and compliance, while his earlier consulting career with KPMG included Governance, Risk and Internal Audit engagements in Hong Kong. Mark is a Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE), Certified Internal Auditor (CIA) and holds an Advanced Professional Certificate in Investigative Practice (APCIP).

When Assurance Meets Investigation: From Audit Concern to Defensible Outcome

Internal auditors are often among the first to identify unusual transactions, control failures or inconsistencies that may indicate something more serious. The challenge is recognising when an audit concern has crossed the threshold into suspected misconduct and knowing what Internal Audit should do next.

Using an anonymised real-world enforcement case, this session will examine how an initial concern developed into a wider investigation and ultimately exposed broader control and organisational weaknesses. It will consider the importance of preserving information, testing explanations, asking effective questions, corroborating evidence and maintaining appropriate boundaries between audit, management and investigative functions.

Participants will gain practical perspectives on assessing and escalating concerns, documenting decisions, avoiding premature conclusions and recognising when specialist investigative support may be required. The session will also demonstrate how investigative findings can strengthen remediation, risk assessment and future audit planning, allowing Internal Audit to contribute beyond identifying the original control failure.

Ramesh Raj Kishore
Regional Director - Asia Pacific
Pharmaceutical Security Institute

Raj has nearly 30 years of experience in law enforcement and regulatory roles, with expertise in criminal intelligence, anti-counterfeiting, and pharmaceutical crime. He previously served in Singapore’s Police Intelligence and Criminal Investigation Departments and later held key enforcement and prosecutorial responsibilities at the Health Sciences Authority.

Currently, as Regional Director at the Pharmaceutical Security Institute, Raj works to strengthen public-private collaboration across Asia Pacific and leads capacity-building initiatives for law enforcement agencies. He also lectures at the National University of Singapore and consults for the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime on enforcement and legislative strategies.